All About Brinjal.

Brinjal is the most popular vegetable in Bangladesh. It can be cultivated all year round.Brinjal plant is about 40 to 150 cm long. The leaves are thick and about 10 to 20 cm long and 5 to 10 cm wide. Wild Brinjal plants can grow even larger. Brinjal flowers are white to pink in color.Brinjal is the one of the vegetable which contain fat, 2..9 grams, 0.8 grams of minerals, 13 grams of food energy, 42 kilocalories, 1.8 grams of milk, calcium 28 milligrams, iron 0.9 milligrams, carotene 850 micrograms, vitamin B-0. 12 mg, vitamin B-0.08 mg and sugar 22 grams out of 100gm weight. We can planting it August to mid-October in winter.
Brinjal have lots of diseases description below:

White mold disease of eggplant:

This disease is caused by fungal attack.
White cotton-like material is seen in the leaves, stems and fruits.

Integrated Suppression Management:

Sprinkler irrigation instead of flood irrigation.
Remove affected fruits, leaves and tips.
 Prepare the land by deep plowing before planting the seeds. 4. (Mencozeb+ Fenamidon) group fungicides such as: Secure 2 g/l. Mix in water and spray 3 times in late afternoon for 10 days.
 Do not eat or sell those vegetables within 15 days after spraying.

 In case of red soil, prepare the land by applying 4 kg of dolochun per percent of the land before cultivation.
 Treat the seedlings for 15-20 minutes by mixing 3 grams of carbendazim group fungicides such as Bavistin or Noin or 4 grams of Trichoderma viridi per liter of water before planting.
 Plant the seedbed in a sunny, elevated location.
 Mix stable bleaching powder with ash or sand at the rate of 85 grams per cent 15 days before sowing the seed in the seed bed and sprinkle it with light water or mix it well with the soil by plowing.

 Mix stable bleaching powder with ash or sand at the rate of 85 grams per cent 15 days before planting in the field and mix well with the soil by sprinkling with light water or plowing.
 At the time of land preparation, at the rate of 130 gm per cent, mix with carbofuran group insecticides such as: Furadan fertilizer and sprinkle.

Brinjal fruit cracking problem disease
Symptoms:

Brinjal sometimes burst due to rapid temperature changes, sudden irrigation after extreme water deficit, or plant physiology.
This makes the eggplant inedible.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Regular irrigation of the land.
 Use balanced fertilizers.
 Planting seedlings at proper distance.
 Do not suddenly apply irrigation to the land during drought.
 Sow seeds early.
 Check soil moisture regularly and irrigate.

Virus mosaic disease of eggplant
Symptoms:

When this disease occurs, the plant develops yellow and dark green mottled mosaic leaves and leaf curling.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Remove the affected trees from the field and burn/cut the branches
 Jab insect is the carrier of this disease, so imidachloroprid 1 ml is used to control them. / Ltd. Mix with water and spray.

Brinjal fruit deformity problem disease
Symptoms:

Sometimes fruit deformity occurs due to which the market value of brinjal decreases.
The reason for this is not yet known.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Regular irrigation of the land.
 Use balanced fertilizers.
 Planting seedlings at proper distance.

Conifera blight disease of brinjal
Symptoms:

If infected with this disease, water-soaked lesions are first seen on the leaves.
Later, the leaf axils burn, the fruit rots and the fruit, stem and stem turn black and white growths with black heads of the fungus appear.

Integrated Suppression Management:

Collect and destroy affected parts.
 If the disease occurs, spray 0.5 ml Tilt 250 EC per liter of water 2 times in 10-12 days.
 Collect seeds from healthy plants.
 Use balanced fertilizers.
 Seed treatment with Provex or Homai or Benlet 1%.

Wilt of brinjal (Fusarium oxysporum) is a fungal disease.
Symptoms:

Infected leaves turn yellow.
One end of the tree droops and gradually the other end droops.
Eventually the entire plant droops and withers.
In both cases the vascular bundles are discolored and decomposed.
Food and water movement is disrupted.
Some branches of the tree wither, some branches are fine.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Adopting crop phase sequence.
 Remove affected trees and bury them in pits or burn them.
 Treating the seedlings for 15-20 minutes by mixing 4 grams of Trichoderma g.d. or Hargenium per liter of water.
 Apply 1-2 kg dolo lime or rock lime per percent of land before cultivation.
 First, if the plant is affected, use Kupravit 40 g or Champian- 20 g/10 liters of water or Bordomixture (100 g of stone lime mixed with 10 liters of water in a separate earthen container).

Leaf & Fruit Spot of Brinjal (Alternaria melongenae) is a fungal disease.
Symptoms:

Infected leaves are brown spots.
The spots gradually spread to all the leaves.
Most affected plants drop their leaves.
As a result, it is affected and falls off.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Keeping the field clean/clean.
 Affected leaves, twigs, stems are damaged or burnt.
 Use disease free seeds.
 Seed treatment (about 2 g/1 kg seed).
 If the attack is more, spray Roveral or Bavistin- 2 grams per liter of water.

Fruit & Stem Rot of Brinjal (Phomopsis vexans) is a fungal disease.
Symptoms:

Seeds, seedlings, stems, branches, leaves, flowers and fruits are affected by this disease.
Cankers develop on branches or stems of affected plants.
The branches rot cyclically and the tree dies.
Later, the disease also attacks the fruit, causing black lesions and rotting of the fruit.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Keeping the field clean.
 Collection of seeds from disease free fields.
 Do not cultivate eggplant every year in the same land.
 After harvesting, dry leaves, stems, fruits etc. are collected and destroyed or burnt.
 Seed treatment (Carbendazim or Thiram-2 g/per kg seed).
 If the disease occurs in the field, spray with approximately 2 grams per liter of water.
 Use of disease resistant varieties like Jessohar Local, Kanta Begun, Ishwardi-1 etc.

Foot rot or collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) is a fungal disease of brinjal.
Symptoms:

The disease can be seen at any age of the plant.
Wilting of affected plants is an early symptom of the disease.
Leaves become pale, yellow and dry.
Stems, branches, branches dry up and become narrow. The root rots.
The smaller roots and later the main roots also rot.
In the final stage the tree dries up and dies.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Burn the affected dead leaves, twigs.
 Spreading dry ash on the seed bed or at the base of the plant in the field in the morning reduces the attack of the fungus.
 Potash fertilizer mixed with dry ash mixed with the soil at the base of the diseased plant rejuvenates the roots and rejuvenates the plant.
 Before getting infected, 2 grams of Companion, Kupravit-4 ml, Champion-2 grams, Tilt-2 ml per liter of water and sprayed at the base of the plant will reduce the attack of the fungus.

Root Knot Disease of Brinjal Root Knot of Brinjal (Meloidogyne sp.) Worm Disease.
Symptoms:

The attack starts from the seedling stage.
Affected plants are small, weak and yellowish in color.
The roots of the plant form numerous nodules and the nodules contain many worms.
Infected trees lose branches and roots and fall over during the day.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Remove affected trees and destroy them.
 Do not cultivate eggplant repeatedly in the same land.
 Soil inversion by tillage in dry land.
 Use of furadan in late cultivation to control worm diseases.

Little Leaf of Brinjal (Mycoplasma) Mycoplasma disease.
Symptoms:

Affected plants have many small leaves and the leaves appear clustered.
The disease is transmitted by jassid insects.
During the cultivation of brinjal, if the temperature increases, the attack of jassid insect is more.
The disease appears after the tree is one month old. However, the severity of the disease is higher in mature trees.

Integrated Suppression Management:

 Reduce cultivation of eggplant family crops.
 Remove and burn affected trees.
 If 258 grams of lime is mixed with the soil at the root of the affected tree, the tree gradually recovers.
 At one-and-a-half months of plant age, spray Sumithion 1.5 gm, Edmire 1.2 ml and Emitaf- 25 ml per liter of water to control the vector insect.